Every tree has the same basic growth requirements. While each of these can be considered "essential," they are listed here in an order reflecting their relative importance:
1. ADEQUATE MOISTURE is a basic requirement, and perhaps one of the least understood. Trees differ in their requirements for moisture, and some varieties are more tolerant of inadequate, excessive or irregular watering than others. Water the tree thoroughly so that the entire root ball is penetrated. This may take successive waterings. You will want to keep the soil moist but not saturated. Let the soil dry out somewhat then water again. the length of time this takes depends on the size of the container, the type of soil you're using, and the climate. Check your plants on a daily basis. Stick a fingertip into the soil and check the moisture level an inch or so down in the pot. Overwatering can lead to conditions that stress or kill the plant.
2. LIGHT is the tree's source of energy for growth and maintenance. Despite the term "plant food" often used for fertilizer, trees manufacture their own food from sunlight, air and water through a process called photosynthesis. Trees are adapted for growing conditions outdoors and most need several hours of direct sunshine each day. If you do bring a tree indoors, enjoy it for a day or two and then take it back outside where it can thrive.
3. TEMPERATURE - Different trees are adapted to different temperature ranges. Tropicals will need more stable temperature ranges and those plants should never be exposed to frost or subjected to freezing. Deciduous varieties on the other hand need exposure to the changing light and temperature conditions found in their natural environment in order to enter and recover from dormancy. Generally speaking, plants used as landscaping in your area will also be successful as bonsai. Steps may be taken to protect marginal plants. Check with an experienced grower in your area.
4. PROPER VENTILATION is required to ensure that the tree can photosynthesize properly. If light and air can't penetrate to the inner branches, they are in danger of dying back or harboring disease and insects.
5. NITROGEN and TRACE MINERALS supplement the soil to provide the tree with some basic components it needs to grow and develop.
Organic fertilizer cake or water soluble fertilizer like "Miracle Gro" can on a weekly basis during the growing season or in dilute concentrations with regular watering.
6. PROPER SOIL AND WATER pH. pH is a measure of the alkalinity or acidity of the soil or water. A pH measurement of 7.0 is neutral, and higher values represent increasing alkalinity, while lower values correspond to increasing acidity. Some plants benefit from conditions which are slightly acidic, so many of us use "Miracid" fertilizer because it helps to buffer the soil's pH, which tends toward alkalinity. Check with experienced growers in your area.
27-Aug-2001
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