Focal point
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(See pic 2)
For the most part the larger and more massive something is the greater it’s visual weight is. Dense areas have a greater weight than areas that are sparsely populated. Dark areas are generally considered heavier than light areas. A textured area will usually grab the eye quicker than a smooth one.
It can get complicated in that there are really no givens here. What was heavy can become light.
A small white spot in a large black area would be heavy since the eye would pick it up rather quickly. A large void will always attract the eye no matter how dense the areas are around it.